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Indian paintings traditionally revolved around the religious deity and kings. Indian art is a combined term for several different schools of art that existed in the Indian subcontinent. The paintings different from great frescoes of Ellora to the intricate Mughal miniature paintings to the metal embellished works from the Tanjore school. The paintings from the Gandhar-Taxila are subjective by the Persian works in the west. The eastern style of painting was typically developed around the Nalanda school of art. The works are most inspired by different scenes from Indian mythology.

The earliest Indian paintings were the rock paintings of prehistoric times, the petroglyphs as found in places like the Rock Shelters of Bhimbetka, and some of them are older than 5500 BC. Such works constant and after several millennia, in the 7th century, carved pillars of Ajanta, Maharashtra state present a good example of Indian paintings, and the colors, mostly various shades of red and orange, were derived from minerals.

Ajanta Caves in Maharashtra, India are rock-cut cave monuments dating back to the second century BCE and containing paintings and statue considered to be masterpieces of both Buddhist religious art and universal pictorial art.